Heliophorus sena (Sorrel Sapphire) – Himalayan Butterfly Species

Heliophorus sena (Sorrel Sapphire) is a stunning butterfly species that brings a flash of brilliance to the Himalayan forests. Easily recognized by its shimmering sapphire-blue upper wings bordered in black and striking orange patterns on the underside, this small yet charismatic butterfly belongs to the Lycaenidae family. In the Great Himalayan National Park (GHNP), Heliophorus sena is often spotted fluttering near forest trails and open clearings, especially during sunny hours when it basks in the warmth.

This species prefers hilly or montane terrain and is frequently seen in subtropical and temperate forest zones. Its larval host plants include varieties of sorrel (Rumex), which also inspire its common name, Sorrel Sapphire. The butterfly’s life cycle—from egg to adult—depends on the presence of these host plants, making habitat conservation vital for its survival.

Beyond its vibrant appearance, Heliophorus sena plays an important ecological role as a pollinator. Like many butterflies, it contributes to the pollination of native flowering plants, helping maintain the natural balance of its ecosystem. Observing this butterfly can also help researchers assess environmental health, as species like the Sorrel Sapphire are sensitive to changes in habitat quality and climate.

Butterfly enthusiasts, conservationists, and eco-tourists visiting regions like GHNP can witness the Sorrel Sapphire as part of a rich tapestry of Himalayan biodiversity. Documenting and protecting butterflies like Heliophorus sena not only supports conservation efforts but also enriches our understanding of nature’s subtle beauty.